Contents: Key Stage 3 Design and Technology |
Designing Directory
- Designing
- Models of the design process
- Designing
- Designing by addition, wastage, bending, reforming, rearrangement
- Design basics:
- line
- shape
- proportion
- use of Divine Proportion in architecture
- symmetry
- form
- function
- colour
- texture
- movement
- Identifying problems and design opportunities
- Problem solving: how to solve problems
- Considering people's needs and values
- Safety
- Factor of Safety
- Moral Issues in design and technology
- Cultural issues in design and technology
- Quality in design and technology
- Quality: technical considerations
- Quality: aesthetic considerations
- Environmental considerations
- Recycling
- Sustainability
- Designing for disassembly
- Ergonomics and anthropometrics
- Principles of good design
- The design opportunity
- Design Brief
- Specifications
- design specification
- product specification
- Hazy impressions of a design
- New designs: designing from natural form
- Using existing ideas
- Developing designs
- design development animation
- changing existing designs
- Evaluating
- Analysing
- analysis
- analysing a design brief
- product analysis
- Communicating and modelling ideas:
- modelling ideas
- recording ideas
- notes and sketches
- isometric drawing
- 1 point perspective drawing
- 2 point perspective drawing
- oblique drawing
- orthographic projection
- parts drawing
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Exercises
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Research
- What is research
- Product analysis
- Value analysis
- Library search
- Internet search
- Experiments
- Observation
- Case study
- Interviews
- Survey
- Role play
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Quality
- Quality in design and technology
- Inspection
- Quality control
- Quality Assurance
- Total Quality Management (TQM)
- Quality exercises
Technical Considerations
- Quality of timber and manufactured boards
- Quality of metals:
- Quality of manufacturing, systems, products
Aesthetic Considerations
- Description of aesthetics.
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Planning
- Making a list of tools, materials and activities
- Bubble chart
- Flow chart
- Gantt chart
- Parts drawing
- Product specification
- Cutting list
- Safety & risk assessment
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Safety
- Workshop safety rules
- Safety in detail:
- Designer's safety responsibility
- Risk assessment
- Safety rules and defined procedures
- Hazard warnings and instructions
- Safe materials
- Safe storage of materials
- Tool safety
- Safety features on tools
- Safe working practices
- Safe working area
- Product safety
- Risk assessment exercises
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Making Metals
- Making metals/processing metal ores:
- iron
- basic oxygen steel making process
- electric arc furnace
- secondary steel making
- formation of slabs, bloom and billets
- hot rolling plate mills
- hot rolling strip mills
- hot rolling long products
- cold rolling and drawing
- coating
- aluminium
- aluminium alloys
- copper
- lead
- zinc
- tin
- manganese
- molybdenum
- strontium
- nickel
- platinum
- silver
- cadmium
- chromium
- titanium
- tungsten
- vanadium
Timber and Manufactured Boards
- Timber and manufactured boards (animation)
- Trees as a renewable resource
- Processing timber logs
- Timber conversion
- Manufactured boards
Timber Products
- Hardwoods and softwoods
- Timber conversion
- Timber defects
- Cup shake
- Heart shake
- Star shake
- Splits and shakes
- Fungal attack
- Woodworm (beetle attack)
- Twisting, checks, bowing, resin sacks
- Seasoning
- Cutting veneer
- plywood
- blockboard
- faced chipboard
- Medium density fibreboard (MDF)
- Solid timber boards
- Advantages/disadvantages of timber and manufactured boards
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| Measuring and Marking out
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Assembling Parts
- Temporary fixing methods
- Semi permanent fixing methods
- Permanent fixing methods
- Silver soldering & brazing (+ animation)
- cleaning after soldering
- pickling (+ animation)
- soft soldering
- tinning the soldering iron
- using a soldering iron
- using a blow torch
- tinning parts to be soldered
- joining metals by forge welding
- joining metals by gas welding
- joining metals by electric arc welding
- joining metals by riveting (+ animation)
- pop riveting
- joining wood: gluing wood to wood
- wood joints (animation)
- gluing laminates to sheet materials
- joining wood using screws
- joining materials using adhesives
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Applying finishes
- introduction
- plastics
- metals
- painting steel
- lacquering metals
- galvanising and zinc plating
- electroplating (+ animation)
- electroforming
- anodising
- patination
- bluing
- enamelling
- plastic coating
- etching (+animation)
- abrading, filing and grinding (+ animation)
- planishing
- knurling
- milling
- Wood finishing processes
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Considering People's Needs and Values
- Market research
- Target group
- Identifying:
- physical needs of target group
- emotional needs of target group
- intellectual needs of target group
- sociological needs of target group
- Using the information in design proposals
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Moral, Cultural, Environmental issues
- Moral issues:
- the design opportunity
- the design specification
- the design
- choice of manufacturing material
- recycling materials
- use of energy
- the manufacturing process
- quality
- health and safety
- transporting the product
- sales
- after sales
- Cultural issues:
- culture
- cultural evidence
- cultural diversity
- cultural change
- cultural identity
- cultural tourism
- souvenirs
- Environmental issues:
- designed environments
- transport
- industry
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| Recycling
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Transporting, Storing & Displaying Products
- packaging
- resistant materials packages
- important features of a product package
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Structures notes and animations
- Introduction: what is a structure?
- Frame structures
- Shell structures
- Combination of frame and shell structures
- Stone structures
- Brick and block structures
- Concrete structures
- Composites
- Loads
- Forces:
- compression
- tension
- torsion
- shear
- Structural sections
- Joints in wooden structures
- Knock-down fittings
- Joints in metal structures
- welding
- soldering and brazing
- riveting
- nuts, bolts, screws
- Joints in plastic structures
- Physical and chemical properties, and characteristics of materials used in structures
- Support and reinforcement of structures
- Equilibrium
- Centre of gravity
- Moments
- Force diagrams
- parallelogram of forces
- triangle of forces
- Testing structures
- Interactive Exercises: exploring the qualities of structures / calculations / interpreting numeric information
- Bridges (details opposite)
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Bridges Animation
- beam bridges
- continuous span bridge
- simple span bridge
- cantilever span bridge
- cantilever with suspended span bridge
- Warren deck truss bridge
- Warren (through) Truss
- Pratt Truss (through truss)
- Howe Truss (through truss)
- Lattice Truss (through truss)
- Plate girder bridge
- Deck beam bridge
- Orthotropic beam bridge
- Rigid frame (inclined legs)
- Rigid Frame (with V- legs)
- Stone arch bridge
- Open spandrel deck arch bridge
- Spandrel braced arch bridge
- Cantilever through truss bridge
- Trussed deck arch bridge
- Trussed through arch bridge
- Ribbed arch bridge
- Suspension bridge
- Cable stayed bridge
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Graphics & Design Development Animations
- Recording ideas and designs using notes and sketches (animation)
- Design development animation
- Isometric drawing animation and exercises
- Oblique drawing animation
- 1 point perspective drawing animation and exercises
- 2 point perspective drawing animation and exercises
- Parts drawing and cutting list animation
- Orthographic projection
Evaluation Animation |
Wood Joints Animation
- The reason that wood joints are used
- Butt joint
- Lapped joint
- Tongue and grooved joint
- Finger joint / comb joint
- Dovetail joint
- Lapped dovetail joint
- Housing joint
- Corner bridle joint
- Through mortice and tenon joint
- Stopped mortice and tenon joint
- "T" halving joint
- Bare faced tenon joint
- Dowelled joint
- Cross halving joint
- "T" bridle joint
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Measuring Tools Animations
- steel rule
- micrometer
- digital micrometer
- vernier caliper
- height gauge
- depth gauge
- micrometer depth gauge
- internal caliper
- external caliper
- combination set
- dial gauge
- screw pitch gauge
- feeler gauge
- limit plug gauges (GO / NOGO gauges)
- limit ring gauge
- snap gauge
- drill gauge
- radius gauge
- protractor
- spirit level
- electronic devices
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Marking Out Tools Animations
- pens and pencils
- scriber
- marking knife
- engineer's square
- woodworker's try square
- dividers trammel
- odd leg calipers
- marking gauge
- cutting gauge
- mortice gauge
- centre punch
- dot punch
- mitre square
- centre square
- sliding bevel
- bradawl
- surface gauge
- straight edge
- vee block
- angle plate
- templates
- surface plate
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| Hand Tools Animations
The hand tools animation consists of:
- planes:
- jointer plane
- jack plane
- smoothing plane
- bench plane sizes
- plane parts
- sharpening angles for plane cutting irons
- grinding and honing
- frog angles
- rebate plane
- marking out a rebate
- planing a rebate
- shoulder plane
- bull nose plane
- spokeshaves
- wood chisels:
- firmer chisel
- bevel edged chisel
- mortice chisel
- gouge
- cold chisel
- tinsnips and shears
- saws for wood:
- tenon saw
- dovetail saw
- cross cut saw
- rip saw
- coping saw
- hacksaw
- junior hacksaw
- abra file
- hammers and mallets:
- engineer's ball pein hammer
- sledge hammer
- rubber mallet
- plastic faced hammers
- soft faced hammers
- rawhide mallet
- bossing mallet
- raising hammer
- planishing hammer
- doming hammer
- cross pein hammer
- claw hammer
- woodworker's mallet
- files:
- description
- roughness of cut
- hand file
- flat file
- half round file
- round file
- square file
- three square file
- knife file
- needle files
- Swiss wax files
- drills:
- brace and bit
- how to use a brace and bit
- twist drills
- countersink
- riveting with countersunk head rivets
- hand drill / wheel brace
- Taps and dies:
- taps and tap wrench
- tapping a thread
- die and diestock
- cutting an external thread
- drunken threads.
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Machine Tools Animations
The machine tool animations illustrate:
- CNC:
- description of computer numerical control
- links between CAD, CAM and computer control
- main difference between manual and CNC machines
- 5 axis CNC miller
- CNC lathe
- buffer:
- using a buffer
- pickling
- etching
- sanding machines
- disc sander
- orbital sander
- belt sander
- reciprocating sander
- spindle sander
- abrasive papers and cloths
- abrading
- emery cloth
- grinding machines:
- bench grinder
- surface grinder
- angle grinder
- drilling machines:
- pillar drill
- chuck key safety
- portable power drill
- twist drill bit
- SDS drill bit
- taper shank drill bit
- grinding angles for drill bits
- reamers
- centre drill
- countersinks
- masonry drill bit
- brad point drill bit
- auger bits
- flat bit
- Forstner bit
- counterbore and plug cutter
- hole saw
- vertical milling machine
- router (power router):
- router cutters
- router collet
- setting the depth of cut
- using a power router
- routing jig
- router safety
- horizontal milling machine
- centre lathe:
- lathe parts
- holding work in a three jaw chuck
- holding work in a four jaw chuck
- turning between centres
- facing off
- parallel turning
- taper turning
- cutting tools
- cutting tool grinding angles
- power hacksaw
- planer / thicknesser:
- planing a face
- planing an edge
- thicknessing
- wood saws:
- bandsaw
- circular saw
- circular saw power tool
- jig saw
- fret saw:
- parallel arm mechanism
- parallel link arm mechanism
- C-arm mechanism
- morticer:
- wood lathe:
- belt and pulley arrangement
- turning between centres
- turning on a face plate
- scraping action
- cutting action
- chisels, scrapers and gouges
- Shears:
- bench shears
- pneumatic guillotine
- press tool.
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Timber Products
- Hardwoods and softwoods
- Timber conversion
- Timber defects
- Cup shake
- Heart shake
- Star shake
- Splits and shakes
- Fungal attack
- Woodworm (beetle attack)
- Twisting, checks, bowing, resin sacks
- Seasoning
- Cutting veneer
- plywood
- blockboard
- faced chipboard
- Medium density fibreboard (MDF)
- Solid timber boards
- Advantages/disadvantages of timber and manufactured boards
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Mechanisms Animations
- types of motion
- levers: Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, bell crank lever
- linkages
- pulleys and belts:
- used to transmit motion and torque
- change speed of rotation
- stepped cone pulleys
- pulley belts used to transport products
- pulley belts used as bandsaws
- pulleys used for lifting and hauling
- chain and sprocket drive
- chain parts
- Gears:
- spur gears
- gear train
- bevel gears
- worm gear
- rack and pinion
- cams, rotary and linear, cam followers
- ratchet and pawl
- crank mechanisms
- crank and slider
- application of screw mechanisms:
- for clamping
- to control movement
- for lifting
- ball screws
- couplings
- flanged
- split
- flexible
- universal joint
- friction used to oppose motion:
- brakes
- clamps
- grips / knurling
- reducing friction by the use of lubricants and bearings
- lubrication
- bearings:
- bush
- ball bearing
- roller bearing
- mechanisms used on a bicycle.
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Plastics Notes and Animations (in KS3 D&T)
View details of the new Plastics Module
- description of "plastic"
- the main ingredients of most plastics
- thermoplastics
- thermosets
- thermoforming:
- line bending
- vacuum forming
- plug & yoke
- expanded polystyrene (EPS)
- structural foam
- rotational moulding
- injection moulding
- gas assisted injection moulding
- injection blow moulding
- extrusion blow moulding
- inserts in plastic mouldings
- blown film
- thermosets
- resins
- hand lay-up of glass reinforced plastic (GRP)
- sprayed polyester resin and reinforcing material
- resin transfer moulding
- pultrusion process
- injection moulding
- compression moulding:
- dough moulding compound (DMC)
- sheet moulding compound (SMC)
- commonly used abbreviations of the names of polymers.
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Riveting
- Rivet types
- Riveting with countersunk head rivets
- Riveting with snap head rivets
- Pop rivets
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| Also includes animations of: |
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Casting pewter, Soldering and brazing, Electric arc welding, Beaten metalwork: making a copper dish. |
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